What are the abiotic and biotic interactions ... to a sand plain. Abiotic factors on the fore-reef are less stressful compared to other zones and ideal for coral growth. The highest diversity ...

The natural world is a finely-tuned balance of biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) components that shape our environments. Various biotic factors directly affect processes like population growth, ...

This summary highlights recent findings in oyster reef ecology and restoration, emphasizing the importance of understanding both biotic and abiotic factors that influence the success of these ...