Facility layout and design is an important component of a business’s overall operations, both in terms of maximizing the effectiveness of the production process and meeting the needs of employees. The ...

A job shop is a type of manufacturing process in which small batches of a variety of custom products are made. In the job shop process flow, most of the products produced require a unique set-up and ...

Bodies of knowledge ebb and flow over time. When you step back and look at them, the maturation of a specific discipline or technology is counted in decades. Last month (MD Apr ’19), this column ...

Process design kits consist of a set of files that typically contain descriptions of the basic building blocks of the process. They are expressed, algorithmically, as Pcells. These descriptions are ...