The move could open the door to China securing more advanced computing power from the U.S. even as the two countries battled for technology supremacy, critics said.

The agreement between the chipmakers and the U.S. government will allow Nvidia and AMD to obtain export licenses to resume sales to China.

Nvidia and AMD have agreed to pay 15% of revenue from chip sales to China to the U.S. government. That has sparked a debate about whether the move could impact the chip giants’ business and whether Washington might seek out similar deals.