Muammar Gaddafi’s vision for Africa focused on Pan-Africanism, seeking to unite the continent politically and economically. In 2009, as African Union Chair, he proposed creating a "United States of Africa" with a single government, currency, and military. Gaddafi suggested a gold-backed currency, the African dinar, to reduce dependence on the U.S. dollar and euro, and a single African passport to facilitate movement across the continent. He pledged $97 billion in investments for African developm